ABSTRACT
Aims:Aim of this retrospective study, was to analyze the histopathological spectrum among women who have underwent hysterectomies at our institution. StudyDesign: Allhysterectomies were included in this study. Except 7 vaginal hysterectomies, all were abdomina lhysterectomies.Clinical history and other relevant data were obtained from the records of Department of Pathology of medical college hospital. Formal in fixed paraffin embedded tissue sections stained with haematoxylin and eosin were examined and analysed for histopathological diagnosis.
ABSTRACT
Background: The erythrocyte sedimentation rate is the rate at which erythrocytes settle down when anticoagulated blood is allowed to stand in a vertical column for a particular period (usually during 1st. hour) and the length of fall of the top of the column of erythrocytes in the given interval of time determines the erythrocytes sedimentation rate. The micro methods of estimation of ESR and PCV have been developed to overcome the drawbacks of macro methods, especially of taking blood sample by venepuncture. Methods: The present study was undertaken to compare ESR and PCV values as estimated by macro and micro methods in diseased and healthy subjects to define the cut off levels of ESR and PCV (Micro method) for the children and adults. When the mean values and the various percentiles obtained by micro method were compared with that of macro method, in healthy and diseased children, healthy and diseased male and female adults, none of them showed any statiscal significant difference. Results: The results of hematocrits by both methods on individual basis were compared. Conclusion: It was noticed that there was a close approximation of the readings in each case in micro and macro methods
ABSTRACT
Parathyroid glands always remain at risk of damage during the thyroid surgery as they lie in close proximity to the thyroid gland. Parathyroid glands are small endocrine glands that produce parathyroid hormone. The major function of parathyroid hormone is to maintain the level of calcium and phosphate within a narrow range in the body. Aim of the present study was to locate and identify the parathyroid glands during thyroid surgery and to observe their relationship with the surgical landmarks. The present study was a prospective study conducted in the department of otorhinolaryngology and HNS in SMGSH, GMC, Jammu for a time period of 1 year from Nov.2015 to Oct. 2016. 40 patients undergoing thyroid surgery were included in the study. Meticulous technique was employed during dissection and parathyroid glands were identified in the surgical field. Location of the each parathyroid gland was determined in relation to a nearby surgical landmark. The study included 12 right (R) and 8 left (L) hemithyroidectomies, 10 sub- total thyroidectomies and 1 total thyroidectomy. An average of 1.2 parathyroid glands were identified in hemithyroidectomies and 2.4 was the average number of parathyroid glands identified in subtotal and total thyroidectomies. Location of parathyroid glands was observed in relation to cricothyroid (CT) joint, recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN), inferior thyroid artery (ITA) and tubercle of Zukerkandl for superior parathyroid glands, and in relation to RLN, RLN & ITA junction, tubercle of Zukerdandl & lower pole for inferior parathyroid glands. In this study RLN was the most frequent landmark for identification of superior parathyroid gland while the inferior parathyroid glands were frequently seen related to the lower pole of the thyroid gland.
ABSTRACT
A hospital based cross-sectional study to evaluate the ENT manifestations in pregnancy included 100 pregnant women attending departments of Obst & Gynae and ENT, SMGS Hospital, GMC Jammu for ENT manifestations. In the present study, majority of pregnant women were primigravidas in age group of 21-30 years and mostly reported in third trimester. Out of 49 cases diagnosed with otological conditions, tinnitus was found in 10 cases (20.4%), ET dysfunction in 10 cases (20.4%) and least common was otosclerosis in only one case (2%). Out of 52 cases diagnosed with rhinological conditions, most common condition was epistaxis in 22 cases (42.36%), rhinitis in 15 cases (28.8%) and only one case (1.9%) of nasal pyogenic granuloma. Out of 30 cases diagnosed with laryngopharyngeal and esophageal condition, GERD was most common i.e. in 29 cases (96.6%) and dysphonia in only one case (3.33%). Out of 100, 11 cases were related to neck, out of which hypothyroidism was most common i.e in 7 cases (63.6%). Out of 100, 17 pregnant women were reported with oral cavity conditions with 8 cases (47%) of dysguesia, 2 cases (11.7%) of ulcerative stomatitis, 1 case each of gingivitis, pyogenic granuloma palate, pyogenic granuloma of gingiva, submandibular abscess and Parotid abscess. The changed hormonal milieu during pregnancy causes otological conditions leading to hearing impairment, epistaxis, rhinitis , GERD etc. Hypothyroidism is common as our area falls in the area of goiter belt.
ABSTRACT
In a prospective, randomized controlled trial, forty consecutive adult patients with bilateral nasal polyps were randomized into two groups. Twenty subjects in Group A were treated with oral prednisolone for 14 days and budenoside nasal spray for 8 weeks while the twenty subjects in Group B received a similar treatment with additional oral montelukast for 8 weeks. Subjects completed a modified nasal ICSD symptom score at the start of treatment and at 8 and 12 weeks after beginning the treatment. Symptom scores improved in both the groups after treatment. Subjects in Group B reported a statistically significant improvement in sense of smell (p = 0.0002), sneezing (p = 0.008) and overall score (p = 0.0006) at 8 weeks than controls. Four weeks after the completion of treatment, a statistically significant improvement was seen in the sense of smell (p = 0.0006), headache (p = 0.03) and overall score (p = 0.003) in patients in Group B when compared to Group A. Montelukast therapy may have clinical benefit as an adjunct to oral and inhaled steroid in chronic nasal polyposis.